Biology and Biotechnology

Biological weapons are prohibited comprehensively and nearly universally by the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC). However, the provisions of the treaty lack possibilities for verification, and the Russian disinformation campaign regarding alleged US and Ukrainian biological weapons activities poses additional challenges for the BTWC regime. Given their dual-use nature, a number of scientific and technological developments in biology and biotechnology harbor the potential for misuse; at the same time, they can be used to identify possible verification measures and strengthen the treaty regime as a whole.

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