The current boom in artificial intelligence may have significant impacts on global security. AI-supported applications are already being used in warfare. For example, they can locate and select military targets or support mission planning and logistics. But AI has also found its way into other areas, such as biotechnology and chemistry. There, it supports the discovery and synthesis of new molecules and can even conduct experiments autonomously. Dual-use research in this area can lead to simplified methods for producing chemical and biological weapons. AI can therefore have destabilizing effects by accelerating battlefield operations and offering potential for abuse by malicious actors.
However, artificial intelligence also offers opportunities. In the verification of arms control agreements, for example, it could be used to evaluate large amounts of data and thus make the measures more effective.
Finally, artificial intelligence itself becomes the subject of potential conflicts, for example over the resources needed to manufacture the necessary chips. The geopolitical race for AI supremacy is creating new strategic dependencies.
The CNTR Monitor 2025 therefore addresses the focus topic of “New Realities of AI in Global Security“. Three major implications are considered. First, the growing use of AI in military planning and strategic state behavior. Second, dual-use risks emerging in domains such as biotechnology and chemical synthesis. Third, opportunities and challenges of using AI for verification and monitoring in arms control.
In addition, the CNTR Monitor sheds light on selected recent technology trends and analyzes their implications for global security.
Bibliographic record
Göttsche, M.; Reis, K. & Daase, C. (Eds.). (2025). New Realities of AI in Global Security. CNTR Monitor – Technology and Arms Control 2025. PRIF – Peace Research Institute Frankfurt.
Authors
Prof. Dr. Christopher Daase, Carlo Diehl, Carmen García López, Prof. Dr. Malte Göttsche, Abdullah Kasim Korkusuz, Dr. Una Jakob, Sarah McKee, Lukas Rademacher, Dr. Thomas Reinhold, Dr. Kadri Reis, Christian Reuter, Stefka Schmid, Yan-Jie Schnellbach, Dr. Niklas Schörnig, Liska Suckau, Fabian Unruh
